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- THE WEEK, Page 20HEALTH & SCIENCEDoes Cow's Milk Cause Diabetes?
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- It may act as a trigger in some genetically sensitive people
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- In a sense, scientists already know what causes juvenile-
- onset diabetes, a disease that afflicts about 1.5 million
- Americans. For some reason, the body's immune system attacks and
- destroys insulin-producing cells in the pancreas. Without
- insulin, the body is unable to process sugar into energy. Even
- with daily insulin shots, diabetics run a high risk of blindness,
- kidney failure and heart disease. But why does the immune system
- go on the attack?
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- A report in the New England Journal of Medicine says the
- culprit may be cow's milk, and the process a bizarre case of
- mistaken identity. Doctors at the Hospital for Sick Children in
- Toronto found that the diabetics had a much higher than normal
- level of antibodies to a protein in cow's milk called bovine
- serum albumin; their bodies have targeted the protein as an
- invader to be destroyed. By a terrible coincidence, a section
- of this milk protein is almost identical to a protein on the
- surface of insulin-producing cells. When these people are
- sensitized to milk, the theory goes, they are also sensitized
- to their own cells, leading to the cells' destruction.
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- The link has not been proved yet, and the researchers know
- that genetics also plays a crucial role. So too may other
- environmental factors, including chemicals. But if the cow's
- milk connection is established -- and it will take five to 10
- years of research -- eliminating milk from infants' diets might
- dramatically cut the incidence of this severest form of
- diabetes.
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